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What is the tolerance for compression test results of concrete, according to the standards? \text { Elongation Index }=\frac {\text { Total weight retained on gauge }} {\text { Total weight on sieves }} * 100 Elongation Index = Total weight on sieves Total weight retained on gauge 100 Desirable values This test is not applicable for the aggregate size of less than 6.3 mm. Where W2= Weight of aggregates passing through 1.8 x dmean size SAMPLE - A quantity of aggregate shall be taken sufficient to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. And for mixed aggregate(having flaking and elongated aggregate) then its permissible limit is 30%. Example:- (6.3mm size sieve in bottom and 63mm size sieve in top). Although there are exceptions, percent elongation . Observation Table 8.0 Conclusions The value that we get from this test is 15.1% for flakiness and not exceeds 20% the JKR requirement. the aggregates should be dried by heating at 100-110 0C for a period of 4 hours and cooled. If the texture of the aggregate is smooth then the surface area of that aggregate is decreased hence workability will be reduced. 3. The Elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension (length) is greater than nine-fifths (1.8times) their mean dimension. Weigh the fraction of aggregates in each group that passes through the thickness gauge. Apparatus Needed. Let us see the bending action of the beam shown in the figure . The Elongated index is calculated by expressing the weight of Elongated particles as percentage of total weight of the sample. 45 mm. The table top is cleaned of all gritty material and is wetted. 2. Hence, the strength and durability of aggregate are affected. oer akiness elongation index test procedure for aggregate and numerous ebook collections from ctions to scientic research in any way. Mechanical Tests for Bituminous Mixes - Characterization, Design and Quality Control E. How to Choose Tiles for Construction of Pools? Join now! And United Testing Systems offer advanced universal test machines (UTM's) and hardness testers to give you the answers you need. Instead, they have smoothly curved sides. 7 LAB TESTS ON Test sieve size 63mm, 50mm, 37.5mm, 28mm, 20mm, 14mm, 10mm, 6.3mm 3. Sieve the sample through mentioned sieves i.e., from 63mm to 6.3mm sieves. The sample gradation curve can also be plotted using the sieve analysis data and the conformance of the samples gradation with the limiting gradation curves provided by the standard can also be assessed. Elongation at Yield is the ratio between increased length and initial length at the yield point. CODE OF REFERENCE: Each layer should be tamped 25times freely. The aggregate retained on 63mm and passed through 6.3mm should not be considered. Country 2.5-2 in., 0.5-0.375 in., etc. Comparing the stelar cells in the elongation and mature zones, hypoxia had no significant effect on Ca 2+ in the elongation zone of any genotype, but resulted in marked increases in Ca 2+ for stelar cells in the mature zone of aca11, with a 10.8-fold rise of Ca 2+ compared with the control and a 5.6-fold increase in cax11, while the increase . The other component of eEF1 is the eEF1Balpha, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor . Want a better understanding of how elongation testing might fit into your process? Understanding the essence of your metal, wood, and plastic samples is key. 1. ContentsIntroduction:Related theory:Standards:Apparatus:Procedure:For materials softening below 80:For materials softening above 80:Observations:Comments:Precautions: Introduction: Bitumen is defined as a binding material, ContentsStandard FollowedObjectiveRelated TheoryAbrasion:Pounding Action:Los Angeles Abrasion Value (LAAV)Significance of LAAVApparatusTest ProcedureObservations and CalculationsStandard Recommendations:ResultsTest PrecautionsDiscussion Standard Followed ASTM, ContentsIntroduction:Related theory:Standard:Apparatus:Procedure:Observations:Calculations:Comments:Precautions: Introduction: The application of load on the aggregates such as pavements result into the disintegration of, Flakiness And Elongation Index Index Test, Significance of determination of flakiness and elongation index, How To Increase Your Profit By Becoming A Carrier, How to hire a qualified fence installer you can trust in San Antonio, Texas, Elevating Your Property With Awesome Landscaping Design, coarse aggregates and is intended to determine, The degree of packing or inter-locking of an, Flaky and elongated particles tend to lower the workability of, These particles are inherently friable when subjected to heavy loading. The elongation index is found by separating the elongation particles and expressing their mess as a percentage of the mass of sample tested. Do not force any particle through the slots on the thickness or length gauge. IS 2386-1963 part 1 are used for perform and having maximum limits of flakiness and elongation index of aggregate. First, fill the sample aggregate with one-third of the cylindrical measure in three layers. The mould is kept on the centre of the table, firmly held and is filed in to layers. Checking Elongation Checking Flatness 5. If the aggregate is using having more water absorption capacity than the 5-10% then it will reduce the strength and. Aggregate quality for road construction will also influence the road performance. DEFINITION The Flakiness Index of aggregates is the percentage by weight of particles whose least dimension (thickness) is less than 0.6 times . It is because they cause inherent weakness in road and there arises possibilities of breaking of these aggregates due to heavy loads imposed by vehicular traffic or at the time of compaction. Calculation for Elongated Particles: PRECAUTIONS: While sieving, care must be taken that the particles that are chocked in the sieve must no be forced down into the next sieve. Elongation index or Elongated aggregate is the particle whose largest dimension is more than 1.8 or 9/5 times of their mean dimension. Weigh the elongated material passing through the specified gauge from each fraction E1+E2+E3+E4+E5+.= E. CALCULATIONS Elongation Index, (%) = (E / F) x 100. If the samples gradation curve lies between the limiting curves plotted against the specified values given in the table, the sample is well-graded. Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must log in to ask a question. If the texture of the aggregate is rough, then the surface area of that aggregate is more. IS sieves of the following mesh sizes - 63mm, 50mm, 40mm, 31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm, 10mm and 6.3mm. Now calculate the elongation index which is the ratio of weight of particle retained on length gauge to the total weight of the sample gauged and it is expressed in percentage. DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 60% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 40% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, retained on the spe!i$ed set of siees is noted" Ea!h pie!e of these are, tried to be passed thro#gh spe!i$ed length of the ga#ge length %ith its, longest side and those elongated pie!es %hi!h do not pass the ga#ge are, separated and then the elongated index is the total %eight of the material, retained on the ario#s length ga#ges, expressed as a per!entage of the, )etal Ga#ge* The metal ga#ge shall be of the pattern sho%n in +ig"', Siees* IS Siees of sies -. Lost your password? ASTM D5278 - 09 Standard Test Method for Elongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing) JLW Instruments 14 North Peoria St . Aggregate Sample. The tensile test method covers the measurement of load elongation characteristics and includes procedures for the calculation of secant stiffness, maximum load per unit width and strain at maximum load. Metal thickness gauge 2. 8. You put Flakines Index instead of Elongation Index in aim of the practical. However, as per the standards implications, a maximum percentage of 45% elongated particles in the mix is tolerable. Aggregate Testing Equipment Gilson Co. Example:- (6.3mm size sieve in bottom and 63mm size sieve in top) Elongation Index: It represents the weight of elongated particles as a percentage of the total samples weight. If the aggregate is well graded, then the voids are minimum. Depending on the size and shape of the material, the tensile tester machine can pull at a maximum speed of 20 inches per minute. Reaffirmed Dec 2016 What must be the maximum dry density of Granular Sub Base & Wet Mix Macadam used What is the Safe Bearing Capacity values for Different Soils? Specs: Aggregates is innocuous if expansion < 0.10% at 16 days; #1. Mathematically. Page | 4 APPARATUS 1. The test sample: normally aggregates sized 10.0 mm to 12.5 mm. Determine the individual elongation index of each huddle by dividing the weight of elongated particles in each group to the total weight in the corresponding group. The sample will be taken by sieving the total sample of aggregate and 200 samples will be taken from . Separate the elongated material from each fraction by gauging through the standard length gauge. If the index values are less than the limiting values specified by the standard, the sample marked qualified for the intended use. This is why we give the ebook compilations in this website. There is some factor that affects the elongation index of aggregate, Affect on workability when used for work or construction:-. Log in to TheConstructor to ask questions, answer peoples questions, write articles & connect with other people. The particles which are not passed or retained on the length gauge are weighed which is W2. Elongation index test of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimensions is greater than 1.8 times their mean dimensions. 5. Each fraction is gauged in turn for thickness on the metal gauge. To assess suitability of aggregates for use in different types of road pavements. For each group, take individual aggregate particles and pass them through the thickness gauge. Therefore, these are not desirable when preparing, Flakiness index gauge also called thickness gauge, Elongation index gauge also called length gauge. Elongation due to expansion can also occur when a material undergoes . If the size of the aggregate is bigger, in that case, the total number of voids volume is less. AGGREGATE ELONGATION INDEX VALUE IS 2386 Part 1 1963. COURTESY: SLIDESHARE, Fig 3: Set of IS Sieves For fabrics with elongation 75% at maximum force, the gauge length is (2001)mm. Testing can be done is the same machined used to test the concrete cube strength. Procedures. W1= Total weight of aggregates. COURTESY: AIMIL LTD, Fig 2: Diagram of Elongation Index Gauge This test is also applicable to aggregates having size larger than 6.3 mm. CALCULATIONS From each of the range of size, the aggregates are then individually passed through the appropriate gauge of the length gauge with the longest side in order to separate the elongated particles. If the shape of the aggregate is round, in that case, the surface area of the aggregate is less, and the workability of that aggregate is more. Table 1: Limits of elongation index for different types of pavements (Source: MORTH), Fig 1: Elongation Index Metal Gauge The lab focuses on three types of eEFs; eEF1, eEF2 and eEF3 with most focus on the eEF1 which is the prototype of G- proteins. 2- The weight of the sample (W total) for each test shall be not less than that in the table below: Aggregate size (mm) Sample weight (kg) Distance between the Passing from Retained on bars of elongation scale 63 50 50 50 37.5 40 78 mm 37.5 28 15 59 28 20 5 43 1. For calculating the elongation index of given sample of aggregates first the weight of each fraction of aggregate passing through and retaining on the specific set of sieves is noted down. Given sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified ranges of size. [For example, the mean sieve size for an aggregate piece passing through 50 mm and retained on 40 mm sieve is (50+40)/2 i.e. The EF1Alpha (eEF1A), a component of EF1 is GTP- dependent and its function is to accurately attach aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome. Quantitatively, a maximum limit of 30% flaky particles is imposed by the standard and is regarded as acceptable. Method of aggregate cooling using water spray ? test instrument), and indicates the durability of paper when subjected to either a repetitive or dynamic stressing or . After the particles have been classified into the two groups, determine the There are some apparatus which is used for Elongation Index Test, The apparatus shall be consisting of following:-, \[Ei=\frac{{{w}_{1}}}{{{w}_{2}}}\times 100%\]. Page | 4 APPARATUS 1. Thanks, Your email address will not be published. Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask a question. A material with a higher percentage is a more ductile material, while a material with a lower percentage will be more brittle. 1. Special care must be taken that no outer air enters when using the balance. Minimum 200 pieces of any fraction are taken and weighed properly. A weighing balance having an accuracy in measuring of 0.1% of the weight of sample. IS 2386 (Part I)-1963 Methods of Test for aggregates for Concrete; Particle size and shape; Bureau of Indian Standards PROCEDURE: 1. Separate sample retain on this slot and weight it(W2). Take sufficient quantity of aggregate to provide the minimum number of 200 pieces of any fraction to be tested. The significance of finding the individual flakiness index is that it helps in figuring out the particle size range that is troublesome for the aggregate sample. After that, just we need to perform a sieve analysis test and shake all arranged sieves with help of a vibrating shaker and manually. Pass each aggregate particle separately through the elongation gauge and weight the fraction passing through the gauge. To keep accuracy and eliminate testing bias, the particle should be passed multiple times with different facings. 4. procedure. It has a possibility of breaking down the aggregate under heavy load. Nevertheless, a sample comprising flaky particles in a percentage greater than 30% is not qualified for the intended use. Percent Elongation = 100 x ( (Final Length - Original Length) x Original Length) Percent elongation is incredibly useful to determine the ductility of a material. Flakiness and elongation tests are not applicable to sizes smaller than 6.3mm. (Gap size is mentioned on elongation index apparatus). As a conclusion, the sample that we tested are not flaky and elongation, which is there are suitable to use in . 1 Set the gauge length. Join TheConstructor to ask questions, answer questions, write articles, and connect with other people. A minimum of 200 pieces of any fraction are taken to be tested, and weighed properly by weighing balance. Laboratory Tests For Determination of Strength of Rocks, Different Types of Slabs Used in Construction and Their Uses, Advantages & Disadvantages, What is Wood | What is Timber | Difference between Wood and Timber, Gable Roof Types, Advantages And Disadvantages, Stone Masonry Materials, Uses and Classifications, Difference between Spiral Column and Tied Column, Different Types of Plywood and their Grades & Benefits, New Rule and Regulations Affecting Construction, Civil Engineering Notes From Universities, Free Civil Engineering Magazines and White Papers, Civil Engineering Portal Biggest Civil Engineering Information Sharing Website. The aggregate retained on 63mm and passed through 6.3mm should not be considered. Consider a simply supported beam resting on two supports. Total weight of the fraction, W=, Therefore, Elongation Index = [w/W]x 100% =. This is because they offer less inter-particle friction and enhance the workability of the concrete mix. Angular particles possess sharp edges and rough-textured surfaces, with relatively plane sides. Note: Test can be conducted for each range of elongation gauge slot. These particles have their lengths dominating the other two dimensions considerably. If you have a query, you can ask a question here. Elongation Index Test on Coarse Aggreagtes, Advantage of Continuous over Simply Supported Multi-Span Deck. After filling the sample aggregate, weigh and record it as W1. Please briefly explain why you feel this user should be reported. Table: 1 seperating the elongation particles and expressing their mass as a percentage of the mass of sample tested.From the experimen, the mean elongation index is 26.0 (sieve 28mm) and elongation index is 22.4%.So we get 1.16 < 1.8.We can classify the sample as not an elongation sample. 4. The elongation index just tells us if the aggregate having a larger dimension is more than 1.8 times. The elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the various length gauges, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sample gauged. When you join you get additional benefits. Country Arrange the sieves in a systematic manner (in order to smaller size opening sieve is on the bottom side and bigger size opening sieve is on the top side). 3. Elongation Gauge (Length Gauge) 3. Doing this may distort or break the particles, giving inaccurate results. Safety shoes must be used along with masks and aprons at the time of test. mm, '& mm. No views Oct 22, 2022 This video demonstrates a flakiness and elongation index test procedure to determine the flakiness and elongation indices of the given aggregat .more .more. Length gauge sketch 2. However, the grading requirements of aggregates to be used in the base course and sub-base course are separately defined, considering the amount of load each course has to bear. 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The gauge length will be 1.8 times the mean size of the aggregate. If the size of the aggregate is smaller then the surface area of aggregates is increased due to more number of the total number of voids volume, because of this the workability of that type of aggregate is less. Raft Foundation - Types, Uses, Functions, Advantages and Disadvantages, Flow Table Test - Procedure, Calculation, Apparatus and Advantages, Hydrophobic Cement - Uses, Properties, Manufacturing, Advantages and Disadvantages, Different Types of Steel in Construction - Properties & Characteristics, 10 Different Types of Forklift Trucks - Features, Uses and Safety Checklist. 4. The elongation index is the total weight of the material retained on the various length gauges, FLAKINESS AND ELONGATION INDEX TEST STANDARD: IS: 2386 (Part 1) -1996 (RA 2011) This standard covers the method of test lays down the procedure for determining the flakiness index of coarse aggregate. Answer: The Elongation index of an aggregate is the percentage by weight of particles whose greatest dimension (length) is greater than nine-fifths (1.8times or 9/5 times) their mean dimension. These particles are a source of frailty for an aggregate mix and therefore, they must be identified and discarded. 2 Rate of extension or elongation The flakiness index of aggregates is the percentages by weight of particles whose least dimension (thickness) is less than 3/5 th (0.6) of their mean dimension. The flakiness and elongation rocks are not suitable for road . Gauge should be cleaned thoroughly and dried before testing. For road construction especially in surface course the elongated shape of aggregates is not desirable. Elongation Index= [W 2 / W 1] x 100 Where W 2 = Weight of aggregates passing through 1.8 x d mean size W 1 = Total weight of aggregates its mean dimension then such type of aggregate known as elongated aggregate and elongated index is calculated by the percentage of the total weight which is retained on elongated or length gauge to the total weight of aggregate used for the sample. Fig 1 : Shape of Elongated Aggregate Particles. These particles are preferred for the construction of rigid pavements. Please briefly explain why you feel this answer should be reported. Lost your password? It is measured on particles passing through mesh size of 63mm and retained on mesh size of 6.3mm. The given sample of aggregates which are to be tested are passed through a set of sieves and they are separated into specified range of sizes. 2. In an ASTM test of tensile strength, the test specimen is pulled from both the ends. 2. The test is not applicable to material passing 6.30 mm sieve or retained on 50 mm sieve. The elements added in the alloy of ASTM A36 Pipe include manganese, carbon, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur, and copper.Along with a heat analysis, the ASTM A36 Seamless Pipe is evaluated using the tension test.Several parameters including the products tensile and yield strength besides its elongation properties are checked.ASTM A27 includes carbon steel castings for applications requiring up to . If the aggregate is poorly graded or uniformly graded, then the voids are maximum in that type of aggregate workability will be less. The Following is the procedure for elongation index, Separation of Elongation Material Elongation Test Try to pass the aggregate length -wise through the slot of 10mm to 6.3 mm on the length gauge. This means that the results can easily be amended if we get rid of flaky particles in the determined range. 2. Calculations: Elongation Index= ( (Total weight of material retained on various length gauges) / (Total Weight of sample taken)) X 100 = (526/1150) X 100 = 45.7% Note: As per IS standard Flakiness & Elongation Index taste are not applicable when aggregate size is smaller than 6.3mm Elongation Index Test Lab Report PDF Calculations: This test is carried out to determine the elongation index of aggregates. This test is not applicable for sizes smaller than 6.3mm. Test sieves of sizes - 63mm, 50mm, 40mm, 31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 10mm and 6.3mm. flakiness-elongation-index-test-procedure 1/1 Downloaded from avenza-dev.avenza.com on September 23, 2022 by guest Flakiness Elongation Index Test Procedure When somebody should go to the books stores, search launch by shop, shelf by shelf, it is truly problematic. Procedure of Aggregate Impact value test. Now weigh aggregate retained on different sieve and note down the total weight as W1. Elongation is a measure of deformation that occurs before a material eventually breaks when subjected to a tensile load. The aggregate quantity taken for the test should be ample so that for each sieved huddle, enough aggregate quantity is available for the test. Elongation index is more than 15% then the aggregate is undesirable for any construction work. ( In such a manner that the selected aggregate which is collected from different sets or sizes of sieve should be passed through the same size of a gap on the elongation gauge.

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